Autism is diverse and complex, requiring nuanced understanding. Simple descriptions lead to stereotypes, misunderstandings, and harm. Recognizing individuality fosters better support and inclusion.
As an autistic adult with some experience in living, working and being in a relationships with a lot of different autistic people, I want to explain the complexity of autism and why we need a more detailed approach.
Often, autism is described too simply and inaccurately, which leads to misunderstandings and stereotypes.
In this article, I share my perspectives and experiences, highlighting the importance of deeper understanding and recognizing the mistakes we, both autistics, neurodivergent and neurodiverse, non-autistics, often make.
Simple Descriptions: Missing the Reality
When talking about autism, sensory sensitivity is a common topic. While it’s true that many autistic people have heightened sensory sensitivity, it’s too simple to say that soft textures are always calming and pleasant. For example, I find the texture of wool very irritating, while others might find it comforting. Similarly, the sound of a ticking clock can be soothing for some but unbearable for others. The range of sensory experiences among autistic people is huge, and a single description doesn’t capture this complexity.
This simple view can lead to misunderstandings and wrong expectations. Assuming that all autistic people have the same sensory preferences is not only wrong but also harmful. It ignores the unique experiences of individuals and can make people feel misunderstood and isolated.
Nostalgia and Familiarity: A Personal Story
The idea that familiar objects and environments provide a sense of safety and nostalgia is often highlighted in discussions about autism. Personally, familiar environments are very important to me. They offer stability in a world that often feels chaotic and unpredictable. My childhood room, with its familiar posters and books, still comforts me when I visit my parents. However, this isn’t true for everyone. Some autistic people might want variety and change.
My experiences with familiar objects are deeply rooted in nostalgia. An old teddy bear or a well-loved book can take me back to a time when the world seemed simpler. But it’s important to recognize that this is a personal experience, not a universal trait of autism. It’s wrong to assume that all autistic people respond to familiarity and change in the same way.
Generalizations: The Trap of Stereotypes
One of the most harmful aspects of how autism is often described is the tendency to generalize. Autistic people are frequently portrayed as gentle and highly perceptive. While there are certainly autistic people with these traits, it’s dangerous to present this as a universal truth.
Autism is a spectrum, and those on it have diverse personalities and behaviors. Generalizing character traits leads to stereotypes that don’t reflect reality. For example, I have moments of deep empathy and moments of extreme detachment, depending on the situation and my mental state. In contrast, a friend of mine with autism is very outgoing and enjoys social gatherings, challenging the stereotype that all autistic people are introverted.
These generalizations can also lead to unrealistic expectations. When I don’t meet the idealistic image of the gentle and perceptive autistic person, it can lead to disappointment and misunderstandings from those around me. This can result in feelings of isolation and being misunderstood, which negatively affects my well-being.
Mistakes by Autistic Individuals: Learning and Growing
As autistic individuals, we also make mistakes in understanding and interacting with the world around us. Sometimes, we might misinterpret social cues or struggle with communication, leading to awkward situations. These mistakes are part of our learning process and growth.
For example, I have sometimes assumed that others share my need for routine and familiarity, only to realize that they thrive on spontaneity and change. Once, I planned a detailed itinerary for a group trip, expecting everyone to appreciate the structure. Instead, my friends felt restricted and wanted more flexibility. This misunderstanding created friction in our relationships. Recognizing these mistakes and learning from them helps us navigate social dynamics more effectively and fosters better mutual understanding.
Autism as a Spectrum: The Need for Nuance
It’s essential to understand that autism is a spectrum, covering a wide range of experiences and traits. This variety includes not only differences in sensory sensitivity but also in social interaction, communication, and behavior. Recognizing this diversity is crucial for providing appropriate support and understanding.
My experiences with autism are unique and personal. I’ve learned to develop my own coping mechanisms and find my way in a world that can often be overwhelming. This doesn’t mean my experiences are representative of all autistic individuals. On the contrary, my story is just one of many within the autistic community.
Instead of relying on simple descriptions, we should strive for a more detailed approach. This means listening to the personal stories and experiences of autistic individuals and taking them seriously. Only by acknowledging and valuing their unique perspectives can we develop a better understanding of what it means to be autistic.
The Importance of Familiar Environments
While the idea that familiar objects and environments can provide a sense of safety and nostalgia is relevant for some, it’s important to emphasize that this isn’t the case for everyone. The needs and preferences of autistic individuals can vary greatly. What brings me comfort might be stressful for someone else.
For instance, I find great comfort in having a set daily routine; knowing what to expect each day helps me manage anxiety. However, I have an autistic colleague who thrives on spontaneity and finds routines stifling. This contrast shows that we must respect individuality and not try to apply a one-size-fits-all approach. This means being flexible and responsive in our support, and always open to feedback and adjustments.
Critical Reflection on Support and Understanding
To truly be supportive and understanding, we must look beyond simple and generalizing descriptions. We need to critically reflect on our own prejudices and assumptions about autism and actively seek a deeper understanding. This includes learning about the diverse ways autism can manifest and recognizing the unique challenges and strengths of each individual.
This also means advocating for more inclusive and tailored approaches in education, work, and other aspects of life. By acknowledging that there is no one-size-fits-all solution, we can create an environment where autistic individuals can truly thrive.
For example, in the workplace, providing flexible working hours and the option to work in quieter spaces can make a significant difference. In education, allowing for different methods of learning and expression can help autistic students perform better.
Conclusion: Towards a Deeper Understanding of Autism
Autism is a complex and diverse neurodiversity that cannot be understood through simple and generalizing descriptions. It’s essential to adopt a more detailed approach that acknowledges and respects the unique experiences and needs of each individual. By looking beyond stereotypes and being open to the diverse perspectives within the autistic community, we can develop a deeper understanding and provide better support.
Let’s strive for a world where autistic individuals are not only accepted but also valued for who they are. Only then can we truly honor the richness and diversity of the human experience. As an autistic adult, I hope my story contributes to better understanding and a more inclusive society.
The European Autist 